A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P R S T U V W

PINWORM - Threadworm

What is Pinworm ?

It is a very common infection of young children caused by the worm Enterobius vermicularis . The infected child commonly complains of itching in the anal region (bottom). This may cause disturbed sleep and inflammation of the anal area because of scratching. The patient may see worms (1 cm long) on his finger, on the buttocks or in the stools. These are white and look like flat threads. A sticky tape put on the skin around the anus at night will make the worm eggs stick. This can then be looked at under the microscope to confirm the infection.

How does Pinworm occur ?

The mature worm lives in the gut. This can produce mild inflammation. The female lays eggs on the skin around the anus. These eggs become infective in 3 to 6 hours and remain so for approximately 20 hours.

Why does Pinworm occur ?

The eggs are commonly transferred from the anus to the mouth following scratching of the anal region. They are swallowed and pass down the gut, and develop into mature worms.

Treatment Involved for Pinworm

The doctor will prescribe an anti-worm drug, commonly mebendazole. This is given as a single dose. If reinfection occurs, a second dose may be given. Personal hygiene is very important for cure and prevents being infected again. Scratching of the anal area must be avoided because it may lead to reinfection. Cutting fingernails short and washing hands properly before meals is important. So is daily changing of nightwear. Washing sheets and linen in boiling water gets rid of the eggs.

During Treatment for Pinworm

Almost all patients are cured after a single dose of mebendazole. Rarely, side-effects such as stomach pain and diarrhoea may occur. This drug is not safe to take during pregnancy.

After Treatment for Pinworm

The infection may recur, for example, if the patient comes into contact with eggs shed by another member of the family who has not been treated.

If Pinworm is Left Untreated

If care is taken not to be reinfected, the infection will disappear in approximately 1 to 2 months. Many infected patients do not have symptoms anyway.

Effects on Family of Pinworm

When one member of the family becomes infected with threadworms, it is very likely that the rest of the family will be too. Linen, towels or toys may be contaminated with the eggs which are then passed on to others. Therefore the doctor may treat the whole family at the same time.