A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P R S T U V W

DYSPEPSIA : NON-ULCER

What is Dyspepsia ?

This is a poorly understood condition. The upper part of the gut includes the gullet [oesophagus], stomach and small bowel. Food is propelled through the gut by muscular contractions in its wall. When the mechanisms controlling the movement of food through the gut are impaired patients experience nausea, flatulence, bloating, upper abdominal pain and sometimes heartburn. The symptoms are similar to those experienced by patients with ulcers. The term non-ulcer dyspepsia is used to describe this condition when an ulcer has been excluded.

How does Dyspepsia occur ?

It is usually thought that the symptoms are the result of disordered motility of the gut. It can be shown that the stomach does not empty in the usual way in a significant proportion of affected individuals but the mechanisms remain unclear.

Why does Dyspepsia occur ?

Not surprisingly, given the poor understanding of the condition, it is often impossible to say why it occurs. It appears to be commoner in those who are stressed but it can be precipitated by other factors. These include smoking, excess alcohol, drugs such as aspirin and other anti-inflammatory drugs used in the treatment of arthritis or as pain killers. Over-eating or consuming food and drink too quickly may be relevant, especially when excessively spicy foods are eaten.

Treatment Involved for Dyspepsia

Any factors listed above (such as smoking and alcohol), as well as the incorrect use of any drugs, should be stopped if possible. Non-ulcer dyspepsia often starts at a time of stress and if this appears relevant any mechanisms to reduce stress will help. If there is doubt about the diagnosis, tests may be performed. These may include a barium meal x-ray, or a look into the stomach using a fibre-optic tube (endoscopy). All these tests will be normal. Medicines may be useful for controlling the symptoms, but will not actually cure the problem. Antacids, particularly those containing alginate, often help. They should be taken after meals, and perhaps on retiring for the night. Other drugs may be given to speed up the emptying of the stomach (such as metoclopramide or domperidone). Often it is a matter of trial and error as to which medicine works best. Changing lifestyle is usually much more effective and safer!

During Treatment for Dyspepsia

The condition is never dangerous. There is no evidence that it will develop into peptic ulcer disease. Side-effects of any drugs used tend to be mild. Check with the doctor if anything unusual is noted.

After Treatment for Dyspepsia

Non-ulcer dyspepsia is by nature a recurring problem. Further attacks are likely to occur unless precipitating factors have been identified and treated.

If Dyspepsia is Left Untreated

Symptoms are likely to continue although they may be intermittent. There is no likelihood of it changing to ulcer or cancer. However, if the type of symptom changes, it would be worth mentioning this to the doctor.

Effects on Family of Dyspepsia

Family and friends need to be taken into your confidence. They may be able to help you create a less stressful lifestyle. They are the perfect partners with whom to discuss problems.