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Indigestion and heartburn

Indigestion can be described as pain or discomfort in the upper abdomen. It is also known as dyspepsia.

Indigestion is caused by stomach acid coming into contact with the sensitive, protective lining (mucosa) of the digestive system. The stomach acid breaks down the mucosa, causing irritation and inflammation, which brings on the symptoms of indigestion.

In most cases, indigestion is related to eating and may be accompanied by other symptoms, such as fullness in the stomach or belching. Sometimes, indigestion can be caused by other factors, such as an infection or taking certain medications.

Indigestion is a common problem

Indigestion is a common problem and many people have it from time to time without needing to seek advice from a healthcare professional. However, in some cases indigestion can be a sign of an underlying condition affecting the digestive system, such as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GORD).

indigestion

It is therefore important to seek medical advice if you have indigestion regularly, if it is particularly painful or if you suddenly experience it having never experienced it before.

Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) occurs when stomach acid leaks back up into the oesophagus. This is known as acid reflux. The oesophagus is the tube that runs from your throat to your stomach. GORD is often a chronic condition, which means that if you have it, you may experience recurring episodes for the rest of your life.

The symptoms of GORD may be improved by making lifestyle changes that affect acid reflux, such as eating smaller meals and stopping smoking.

There are also a number of medicines that can be used to relieve the symptoms of GORD. More severe cases of the condition may require surgical treatment.

 

How common is GORD?

GORD is a common condition, and it is one of the most frequent causes of indigestion and heartburn. It is estimated that between 10-20% of people will have an episode of acid reflux at least once a week.

Oesophagitis

Repeated episodes of GORD can lead to the lining of your oesophagus becoming inflamed. This is known as oesophagitis.

Reproduced under the terms of Click-Use Licence number C2009000382. The content of this page has been published under a Click-Use Licence (link this to http://www.opsi.gov.uk/click-use/index) which covers the use of core Crown copyright information. The original material can be found on NHS Choices.